Springtime Allergies and Migraine: Tips for Managing Seasonal Triggers
By: Brooklyn A. Bradley, BS; Medically edited by Dr. Deena Kuruvilla, MD
As spring arrives, so does the beauty of blossoming flowers, longer days, and warmer weather. However, for many people with migraine, springtime also brings the onset of seasonal allergies, which can exacerbate migraine symptoms [1]. If you find yourself battling both allergies and migraine during this time of year, you are not alone. In today’s blog post, we will explore the connection between springtime allergies and migraine and provide some tips for managing these seasonal triggers.
You may wonder, what’s the link between allergies and migraine? While researchers are still unraveling the complexities, it is believed that the inflammatory response triggered by allergies can contribute to migraine attacks in susceptible individuals [2]. Mechanisms behind inflammation and immune dysfunction, such as inflammatory mediators and elevated neuropeptide mediators have been reported to contribute to migraine and allergic disorders such as asthma [2]. Histamine, one of the earliest identified mediators of allergy, is thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of migraine due to its modulation of hypothalamic functions [3, 4]. Histamine has a vasodilating effect, meaning it increases blood flow and reduces blood pressure, which can potentially trigger migraine attacks [3, 4]. Additionally, certain allergens, such as pollen and mold, may trigger migraine attacks in some people. Understanding this connection is the first step toward effectively managing both allergies and migraine during the spring season.
Springtime allergies are often triggered by outdoor allergens such as tree pollen, grass pollen, and mold spores [5]. Indoor allergens like dust mites and pet dander can also exacerbate symptoms year-round. It is important to pay attention to your environment and note any patterns of worsening allergy symptoms as this can help you identify specific allergens to avoid or minimize exposure to.
Keep an eye on weather forecasts, especially during peak allergy season. This will allow you to limit outdoor activities on days when pollen levels are high. In addition, air purifiers can be used indoors to reduce exposure to allergens. While there are various proactive steps you can take to minimize exposure to allergens, some may include keeping windows closed during high pollen periods, using allergen-proof bedding covers, and regularly cleaning your home to reduce dust and mold build-up. Further, nasal saline rinses can help clear nasal passages and flush out allergens, providing relief from congestion and reducing the risk of sinus-related migraine symptoms. Over-the-counter antihistamines and nasal corticosteroids can help alleviate allergy symptoms for many individuals. However, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider before starting any new medication. Finally, it is important to stay hydrated and practice self-care during allergy season.
In conclusion, springtime allergies can pose a significant challenge for many, but with the right strategies and proactive approach, you can effectively manage seasonal triggers and enjoy the springtime season.
References:
- Alstadhaug KB, Salvesen R, Bekkelund SI (2005) Seasonal variation in migraine. Cephalalgia 25:811–816. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2005.01018.x
- Ferretti A, Gatto M, Velardi M, et al (2023) Migraine, Allergy, and Histamine: Is There a Link? J Clin Med 12:3566. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12103566
- Patel RH, Mohiuddin SS (2024) Biochemistry, Histamine. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL)
- Alstadhaug KB (2014) Histamine in migraine and brain. Headache 54:246–259. https://doi.org/10.1111/head.12293
- Akhouri S, House SA (2024) Allergic Rhinitis. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL)